Multidimensional Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Vision Using Anisotropic Ferroelectric Heterostructures

Integrating diverse optical functionalities, including ultraviolet‐visible multispectral and polarization‐resolved sensing, offers a pathway toward neuromorphic visual systems that operate beyond human‐centric limits. Conventional machine vision systems lack access to additional optical dimensions, such as ultraviolet and polarization, which encode critical information for robust perception in complex environments. However, integrating these functionalities into a single device remains challenging. Here, a WS 2 / α ‐In 2 Se 3 ferroelectric van der Waals heterostructure is developed that enables simultaneous multispectral (365–660 nm) and polarization‐resolved sensing, exhibiting a high dichroic ratio of ∼9.7. The device demonstrates synaptic behaviors, including paired‐pulse facilitation of up to ∼142%, and short‐term‐to‐long‐term memory transition. These anisotropic in‐memory synaptic characteristics arise from the interplay between crystal anisotropy, ferroelectric polarization dynamics, and light‐induced interfacial carrier modulation. Photo‐induced memory current‐based real‐time multispectral and polarization‐resolved imaging enables spatial reconstruction across both spectral and polarization domains. Furthermore, a neural‐network‐based RGB+UV multimodal inference framework achieves 93% recognition accuracy, while a polarization‐encoded, synaptic‐weight‐driven edge extraction approach reaches 97% accuracy. These results establish a device‐level platform for multidimensional optoelectronic neuromorphic vision, offering new opportunities for advanced intelligent sensing systems.