Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries for Energy Storage: A Comprehensive Review of Characteristics, Challenge, and Future Prospects

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) present a compelling option for large-scale energy storage due to their safety, affordability, and environmental friendliness. Despite significant advancements in aqueous ZIBs, their practical application is hindered by the lack of cathode materials with high energy density and high stability. Furthermore, the extensively investigated zinc anodes face challenges, including dendritic growth and parasitic reactions, which have a negative impact on the reversibility and lifespan of the batteries. This work comprehensively overviews advancements in representative cathode and anode materials for aqueous ZIBs. Additionally, it introduces electrolyte design strategies aimed at extending the electrochemical stability window and stabilizing both cathode and anode materials. Finally, this work highlights the challenges and prospects of developing high-performance ZIBs.