Impacts of intelligent transportation systems on energy conservation and emission reduction of transport systems: A comprehensive review

With the development of smart cities, new requirements have been put forward for the control of carbon emissions (CEs) in the transportation system. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) provide a solution to the problems of traffic congestion and CEs caused by the rapid increase in the number of vehicles. This work aims at the impact of ITS on the energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER) of transportation networks. This work screened more than 100 pieces of relevant literature on ECER from Google Scholar and classified and analyzed them one by one. First, the development of the transportation system is studied. The monitoring of the transportation network is developing in a brilliant direction, from the initial induction coil detector to the current ITS. Then, the realization path of the ECER transportation system is studied from three aspects: transportation, transportation organization and management, and energy upgrading and replacement. Finally, the impact of ITS on ECER in different transportation domains is summarized. The results indicate that the traffic system has undergone traditional video surveillance and has become increasingly intelligent. Visually presenting traffic data in the management system plays a very influential role in alleviating traffic congestion and vehicle ECER. However, selecting the best vehicle parameters is necessary to realize ECER for the transport system. At the same time, the implementation of these energy-saving measures requires the traction and promotion of government policies in order for ECER transportation to fulfill its potential role.