CuCS/Cur composite wound dressings promote neuralized skin regeneration by rebuilding the nerve cell “factory” in deep skin burns

Regenerating skin nerves in deep burn wounds poses a significant clinical challenge. In this study, we designed an electrospun wound dressing called CuCS/Cur, which incorporates copper-doped calcium silicate (CuCS) and curcumin (Cur). The unique wound dressing releases a bioactive Cu2+-Cur chelate that plays a crucial role in addressing this challenge. By rebuilding the "factory" (hair follicle) responsible for producing nerve cells, CuCS/Cur induces a high expression of nerve-related factors within the hair follicle cells and promotes an abundant source of nerves for burn wounds. Moreover, the Cu2+-Cur chelate activates the differentiation of nerve cells into a mature nerve cell network, thereby efficiently promoting the reconstruction of the neural network in burn wounds. Additionally, the Cu2+-Cur chelate significantly stimulates angiogenesis in the burn area, ensuring ample nutrients for burn wound repair, hair follicle regeneration, and nerve regeneration. This study confirms the crucial role of chelation synergy between bioactive ions and flavonoids in promoting the regeneration of neuralized skin through wound dressings, providing valuable insights for the development of new biomaterials aimed at enhancing neural repair.