Fall detection system for elderly people using IoT and Big Data

Falls represent a major public health risk worldwide for the elderly people. A fall not assisted in time can cause functional impairment in an elder and a significant decrease in his mobility, independence and life quality. In that sense, the present work proposes an innovative IoT-based system for detecting falls of elderly people in indoor environments, which takes advantages of low-power wireless sensor networks, smart devices, big data and cloud computing. For this purpose, a 3D-axis accelerometer embedded into a 6LowPAN device wearable is used, which is responsible for collecting data from movements of elderly people in real-time. To provide high efficiency in fall detection, the sensor readings are processed and analyzed using a decision trees-based Big Data model running on a Smart IoT Gateway. If a fall is detected, an alert is activated and the system reacts automatically by sending notifications to the groups responsible for the care of the elderly people. Finally, the system provides services built on cloud. From medical perspective, there is a storage service that enables healthcare professional to access to falls data for perform further analysis. On the other hand, the system provides a service leveraging this data to create a new machine learning model each time a fall is detected. The results of experiments have shown high success rates in fall detection in terms of accuracy, precision and gain.