Review and analysis of porous adsorbents for effective CO2 capture

The escalating global concern about the expansion of CO2 emissions and its profound consequences on climate change underscores the critical need for robust CO2 capture materials. The core objective of this review was to conduct a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in CO2 capture, with a focus on porous materials, including metal-organic frameworks, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, zeolites, metal oxides/metalloids, porous polymers, derived carbons, and (biochar, sludge, ash), as documented in the reported studies from 2017 onwards. By considering the CO2 adsorption capacity as the most important property, an up-to-date database of CO2 capture capacities in various porous adsorbents was provided, and other properties, such as selectivity, surface area, pore size/volume, recyclability, etc., for the promising adsorbents were further discussed. Furthermore, the issues on the mechanism, commercial viability (adsorbents cost and upscaling), environmental concerns and future directions (3D printing, artificial intelligence) were discussed. This review serves as an invaluable resource, guiding future investigations in this field and contributing to ongoing efforts to mitigate CO2 emissions.