Intracellular near-Infrared Microlaser Probes Based on Organic Microsphere–SiO2 Core–Shell Structures for Cell Tagging and Tracking

Conventional near-infrared (NIR) luminescent probes, such as DsRed and Cy5, utilize spontaneous emission (SE) signals, which are broad (fwhm >50 nm) and often have low quantum yield. Herein, we developed smart NIR intracellular whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microlaser probes made by organic microspheres of (E)-3-(4-(diptolylamino)phenyl)-1-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (DPHP) coated with a silica shell. The overall small diameter ( D, adjustable between 2 and 10 μm) and the biocompatible silica shell ensure our core–shell microspheres (CSmSPs) to be engulfed in cells as a microlaser operating around 720 nm with a low threshold of 0.78 μJ/cm 2 . Considering that WGM mode spacing depending strongly on its size, it will be possible to distinguish millions of individual macrophages through well-defined WGM lasing peaks (fwhm ≤2 nm) of CSmSPs of different sizes. Furthermore, we monitored the transformation of normal macrophages to foamy ones by encoding them with our NIR CSmSPs microlaser probes, which deliver constant WGM lasing signals with a spectral fluctuation <0.02 nm and excellent stability.