Activity–Stability Relationships in Oxygen Evolution Reaction

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a critical process in various sustainable energy technologies. Despite substantial progress in catalyst development, the practical application of OER catalysts remains hindered by the ongoing challenge of balancing high catalytic activity with long-term stability. We explore the inverse trends often observed between activity and stability, drawing on key insights from both experimental and theoretical studies. Special focus is placed on the performance of different electrodes and their interaction with acidic and alkaline media across a range of electrochemical conditions. This Perspective integrates recent advancements to present a thorough framework for understanding the mechanisms underlying the activity-stability relationship, offering strategies for the rational design of next-generation OER catalysts that successfully meet the dual demands of activity and durability.