The salivary gland mRNA and protein datasets after diapause of the soybean hawkmoth, Clanis bilineata tsingtauica

The soybean hawkmoth, Clanis bilineata tsingtauica (CBT), is a major agricultural pest affecting soybean and other leguminous crops, but also has been explored as an edible insect resource in China and economically important for artificial rearing industry. Diapause, a stage-specific developmental arrest, is widely employed by insects to survive hostile seasonal conditions. Although significant progress has been made in understanding "diapause" in the context of insect physiology and evolutionary ecology, many questions remain unclear. Here, we analyzed salivary gland mRNA and protein profiles of fifth instar larvae during feeding (gluttonous) and diapause stages. Transcriptomics revealed 2,194 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while proteomics identified 1,746 proteins in diapause larvae. By integrating transcriptomic and proteomic data, 172 genes or proteins were with significant changes in expression, including 61 genes or proteins up-regulated and 111 down-regulated during diapause. These findings provide a multi-omics resource for identifying key regulators of diapause and elucidating its molecular basis in CBT. This study advances understanding of insect developmental arrest mechanisms and supports future research on diapause adaptation.