Optimal scheduling of intergroup pumping of PV complementary wells based on improved NSGA-III algorithm

As oilfields progress into the middle and late stages of production, insufficient liquid supply leads to frequent start-stop cycles in wells, which significantly increase energy consumption. PV has emerged as a new approach for enhancing energy efficiency during oil production. However, balancing the inherent inconsistencies and volatility of PV generation with the stability requirements of oil well energy consumption remains a challenge for optimizing intermittent production during PV-grid complementary power supply. To address this issue, this study proposes a two-stage intermittent production optimization method based on prescheduling and dynamic adjustment for PV-grid complementary systems. A prediction module incorporating spatiotemporal attention was developed to monitor PV fluctuations and generate a prescheduling strategy for intermittent production, thereby improving PV consumption. To minimize the impact of PV forecasting errors on the optimization results, a reference-point-weight adaptive adjustment mechanism was introduced to enhance the NSGA-III algorithm. Considering multiple optimization objectives, including stable production and enhanced PV utilization, the prescheduling strategy was dynamically adjusted, and the optimal intermittent production scheme for well groups using PV-grid complementary power supply systems was obtained using the improved NSGA-III algorithm. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method reduced operational costs by 35.18%, achieved a PV utilization rate of 78.34%, and attained an electricity-saving rate of 33.91%, compared to the conventional intermittent production scheme.