Plasma and pericardial fluid metabolomic signatures of patients with ischemic heart disease

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major global health concern, accounting for 49.2% of total cardiovascular deaths. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial to halting disease progression and reducing morbidity and mortality rates. The impact of myocardial ischemia on metabolic substrate preference remains insufficiently explored. In this study, a metabolomic approach based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was employed to define the metabolic signature of IHD compared to non-IHD. To achieve a more comprehensive understanding of disease processes, metabolic analyses were performed on both plasma and pericardial fluid from IHD patients. Specific biomarkers of IHD were identified, including 3-hydroxybutyrate, which was significantly elevated in both plasma and pericardial fluid, along with succinate elevation in pericardial fluid and alterations in different key metabolic pathways. These findings highlight the complex nature of metabolic reprogramming in IHD and identify novel biomarkers that could contribute to improved disease management.