A review of stress detection techniques of ferromagnetic materials based on magnetic Barkhausen noise

As an advanced non-destructive testing technique, magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) can quantitatively evaluate the stress state of ferromagnetic materials, with broad prospects in engineering applications. This paper summarizes common stress detection technologies, and clarifies the unique competitiveness and application advantages of MBN technology in the field of ferromagnetic material stress detection by comparing the advantages and limitations of various technologies. The core theories and application scenarios of various MBN stress detection models are deeply analyzed, providing a solid theoretical foundation for the theoretical innovation and engineering application of MBN stress detection technology. The design and optimization strategies of MBN stress detection devices are summarized in terms of magnetizer and sensor, offering guidance for the development of high-performance MBN detection device. The technical route of feature extraction, feature selection and parametric modeling for MBN stress characterization is systematically expounded, and the significance of each step in improving the accuracy of stress detection is analyzed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges faced by MBN stress detection technology are comprehensively summarized. This review can provide guidance for MBN stress detection and evaluation of ferromagnetic materials.