Liquid-Based Reconfigurable Lens-Aided Mobile User in Visible Light Communication Systems: A Stochastic Geometry Framework

Visible light communication (VLC) systems have emerged as a promising solution to radio frequency (RF) spectrum scarcity, providing wide, unlicensed bandwidth and enhanced security in RF-free environments. However, VLC systems are prone to significant signal degradation caused by receiver movement or rotation, which limits their applicability in dynamic or mobile scenarios. To address this challenge, we introduce the concept of liquid-based reconfigurable lens (LiqRL), an innovative reconfigurable optical architecture that leverages the adaptability and spatial diversity of liquid materials to enhance signal reception and mitigate the impact of blockage sensitivity in VLC networks. The key contribution of this work lies in the development of a comprehensive mathematical model to evaluate the performance of mobile user equipment (UE) in VLC environments with LiqRL-based orientation adjustable receivers (OAR). By employing stochastic geometry, we derive analytical and closed-form expressions for coverage probability and propose a novel distance-based orientation selection mechanism that optimizes spatial alignment for improved data transmission efficiency. We further account for temporal interference correlation caused by UE mobility and evaluate the probability of successful communication across different time slots. Our results show that the LiqRL-based OAR architecture improves network performance by approximately 15% compared to conventional VLC systems, demonstrating the potential of reconfigurable optical architectures for dynamic and mobile VLC scenarios.