Acoustic Noise Map of Electric Vehicle Traction Motors Across Full Torque–Speed Operating Envelopes

The electrical motors (EMs) for the electric vehicles have a wide operating range of speed and torque, which challenges the study of global vibration and acoustic noise. In this study, an acoustic noise map of EMs in electric vehicles for full operating range evaluation is proposed. First, the theoretical basis of the noise map is derived based on the noise transfer function of the EMs. Second, a multiphysical field model for fast prediction of electromagnetic acoustic noise in multioperating conditions is established, and the acoustic noise map prediction of the EMs is realized. Finally, the noise map is applied to reveal the noise generation mechanism of the typical traction EM in the full operating range. The risk operating points are effectively identified. The results show that the acoustic noise map as proposed effectively evaluates the noise characteristics of the EMs across the entire operating range. It also contributes to the analysis of the global noise generation mechanism of the EMs. This research can provide reliable theories and methods for the design of low-noise traction EMs for electric vehicles.