Promoting the International Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Through Cross-Border E-Commerce Development

Based on 14,020 observations of Chinese A-share listed SMEs from 2007 to 2021, this study uses the difference-in-differences (DID) model to investigate the impact of cross-border e-commerce on enterprises’ international competitiveness. The results show that the comprehensive pilot zone of cross-border e-commerce significantly promotes SMEs’ overseas business income of SMEs, indicating that cross-border e-commerce is a powerful tool for improving corporate international competitiveness. In addition, the total factor productivity (TFP) of SMEs has been significantly improved in the process of expanding overseas markets. The triple DID model shows that the pilot policies of cross-border e-commerce significantly promoted the TFP of international enterprises, which means that cross-border e-commerce is conducive to improving international competitiveness. This study also verifies the market information mechanism of cross-border e-commerce, which enables SMEs to improve their international competitiveness. Developing and emerging countries should accelerate the institutional reform of digital trade to facilitate SME internationalization.