Recent Advances in Conventional and Modern Wastewater Treatment Approaches

The most important outcome of daily life activities, urban sprawl, and rapid industrialization is the generation of waste material. Various types of waste that threaten our existence, biodiversity, natural ecosystems, and particularly, our planet are generated during anthropological activities; hence, it is essential to upgrade the traditional methods and develop novel approaches for wastewater treatment to reduce hazardous effects. In this chapter, an overall review of different wastes is provided and traditional methods are reviewed to deliver a comprehensive guide for each method. Based on waste materials’ classification, advances in conventional and modern wastewater treatment methods are explained, and novel combinations of these approaches are available in Subsections 5.3.7 and 5.3.8. In addition, risk analysis of wastewater treatment technologies is elucidated. Overall, this chapter offers a precise and applicable outline of wastewater treatment technologies for researchers and scientists.