Control and Management of Air Emissions from the Transportation Industry

Heavy metal emissions create air, soil, and water pollution. The sources of heavy metal emissions from automobile and trucking industries include leaded gasoline, tire wear, brake wear, clutch wear, and other vehicle and road component degradations. Carbon dioxide emissions (which is a main source of greenhouse gas emission) create the environmental problems of climate change, global warming, sea water levels rising, etc. The entire transportation industry (including the automobile industry, trucking industry, railway industry, shipping industry, cruise industry, and aviation industry) contributes to most of the carbon dioxide emissions in the world. The academic subjects covered in this chapter include (a) sources of vehicle emission pollution (such as leaded gasoline, other metal-containing antiknock agents, catalytic converters, diesel engine emission, and brake linings and tires); (b) management and control of metal emissions from motor vehicles (such as phasing out leaded gasoline, using a non-noble metal catalyst, using alternative fuels, adapting alternative vehicles (such as battery-powered electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles; and fuel cells vehicles), using particulate filters, and reducing metals in brake linings and tires). Recent research data and advances are reported; and (c) sources, management, and control of air emissions from the transportation industry (such as cars, trucks, cargo ships, trains, passenger planes, cargo planes).