Factors affecting quality of life in older people with a cancer-related stoma: a scoping review

BACKGROUND: Older cancer survivors with a stoma often experience a decline in quality of life (QoL) due to multiple factors. AIMS: This scoping review aimed to identify factors affecting QoL among older people with a cancer-related stoma. METHODS: After conducting a systematic search, nine studies were included. Data were analysed and classified into four domains: physical, psychological, social and spiritual. FINDINGS: Physical factors included difficulties in stoma management, bowel irregularities (diarrhoea and constipation), fatigue, and peristomal skin complications. Psychological factors, such as depression, anxiety, and altered self-concept were prominent, especially in women. Social isolation, reduced support, and loss of spirituality were also significant. Gender and regional disparities influenced QoL outcomes. CONCLUSION: Complex and interrelated factors influence QoL among older people with a cancer-related stoma. Hence, comprehensive support strategies that simultaneously addresses physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs are essential for improving QoL.