DNA功能化金纳米及其应用

Gold nanoparticles have been widely applied to different natural sciences due to its unique optical and electrical properties. It is easy to control the size and shape of gold nanoparticles to adjust the absorption peak of gold nanoparticles and change the optical and electrical properties. When gold nanoparticles are functionalized with DNA, they are endowed with the recognition ability and addressability of DNA, and it further widens the applications of gold nanoparticles in nanoparticle assembly, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and nanoparticle synthesis. First, this review systematically summarized the synthesis of gold nanoparticles with different sizes. Second, it discussed how to rapidly functionalize gold nanoparticles with DNA. Moreover, it studied the factors that affect the density, function, and stability of DNA on gold nanoparticle surface. Finally, it described the applications of gold nanoparticles in detection, nanoparticle assembly, drug delivery, and nanoparticle synthesis. This review would promote understanding of the preparations, properties, and applications of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles, and would provide guidance for the research of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticles.