虚实融合网络空间安全综述

Driven by the continuous development of computer and network infrastructure, more and more human activities are migrating from the physical world to the digital world, bringing the motivation and thought of building a new type of virtual-real mixing cyberspace. Virtual reality, augmented reality, digital twins, metaverse, etc. become world-wide hot spots. Based on the Internet and the Internet of Things, the virtual-real mixing network further interconnects computers with independent identities, various physical objects, and their digital twins, as well as computer-generated digital native objects. In this way, the physical world, the digital world, and the human world are mixed and merged together. We name this kind of emerging network as “Pervasive Internet", which forms a virtual-real mixing cyberspace where humans, machines, and physical/virtual things are interlinked and interconnected, bringing totally new public experiences, social forms, production patterns, and digital economic development paths. This new type of cyberspace has greatly expanded the space boundaries and application fields of the Internet and the Internet of Things, whereas it brings new security and privacy protection issues. This article firstly introduces the concept and architecture of Pervasive Internet and virtual-real mixing cyberspace, analyzes their security and privacy risks, and then reviews the latest international status and trends in user authentication and authorization control, data security, privacy protection, perception and interaction security, critical infrastructure and hardware/software security, and application security and cyberspace governance. We proposed ten problems that need to be solved at the end.