Design of Miniaturized Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna using Defected Ground Structure

The recent developments in communication and antenna engineering demands compact and multiband antennas. Microstrip antenna is one of the most useful antennas for wireless communication because of its inherent features like low profile, light weight and easy fabrication. This design is aimed at miniaturized Microstrip Patch Antenna (MSA), without deteriorating its other parameters, such as gain, bandwidth, directivity and return loss. A significant amount of 89% miniaturization has been made possible by careful and meticulous investigation of slots insertion in patch and ground of MSA antenna. Dielectric substrate used in this design is polyester which has shown better result. As the focus of this design is to miniaturize the MSA, the technique used here is Defected Ground Structure (DGS), along with Defected Patch Structure (DPS) which actually shifted the resonant frequencies to the lower range without increasing its physical dimensions. Besides this shorting pin is also introduced between patch and ground, which also contributed in the enhancement of parameters like gain and return loss. The position of pin played an important role in the acquirement of better performance and radiation at desirable frequency band. Different shapes have been designed on Ground and Patch to obtain enhanced results. With the use of DGS, the designed antenna started radiation at multiple frequency bands. The frequency bands generated by this designed antenna are in the range of L band and S band of IEEE standard which made it apposite to use in variety of applications.