Development Strategy for China's Marine Engineering Science and Technology to 2035

Critical and long-term strategic goals for China are to enhance its capacity for exploiting marine resources, develop its marine economy, protect the marine ecological environment, uphold maritime rights and interests, and establish itself as a maritime power.However, China is still in the preliminary stage of marine exploration; therefore, we need to enhance our capability to utilize and control the oceans, from a global perspective.It is imperative that the development and utilization of marine resources-including exploration, engineering exploitation, and environmental protection-and safeguarding of the rights and interests of the state be treated as an organic whole in top-level engineering science and technology designs, which are prerequisites to establishing a maritime power.Based on a series of technology foresight analyses, performed through inter-disciplinary integration, this project proposes the key directions in marine engineering science and technology (S&T) development.In addition, this paper outlines the development path for China's marine engineering S&T in six key aspects: marine environment stereo-observation technology and equipment, submarine resource exploration and development technology, marine biological resource exploration and development technology, technology for comprehensive utilization of seawater resource and marine energy, marine environment security technology, and marine development equipment.This paper presents the scientific and technological vision, key points of development, development strategy, and development path for China's marine engineering S&T to be achieved by 2035.