Architekturen und Verfahren für modulare Pilotsysteme und Erweiterungen von Netzleitstellen

Due to the increased share of decentralised generators such as photovoltaic and wind power plants, new approaches are required for better integration into the electricity grid.One approach are software solutions.Up to now, electricity grids have been controlled and monitored by control rooms and their software.However, control room software is often a self-contained system that can only be maintained and expanded with new functions by its provider.However, other manufacturers can also offer new solutions that are perhaps better and cheaper.These new solutions should be tested in the real power grid beforehand.In this dissertation, a method is presented with which external providers can also expand a control room software with new functions.For this purpose, a modular platform called beeDIP (Betriebsführungs-und Energiemanagement Datenintegrationsplattform) was designed and developed.This platform is based on microservices and provides a system with which control room software can be extended with new functions in a modular way.The platform is based on existing technologies such as message brokers, REST interfaces and data integration tools.The extensions to the control room software usually require data such as topology information, measured values, etc. about the power grid.There are different requirements for how the data is made available, including high performance and clear interpretability.For high interpretability, all data that are transmitted from outside into the platform are modelled as CIM (Common Information Model).This is a standardised data model for describing electricity grids and other energy data (e.g. market information).A control room software can provide most of the required data.For this purpose, among other things, an interface can copy CIM files from the control room software to other systems at regular intervals.However, this makes a complete data set available each time, which in turn can lead to a high data flow.There is also no information about which data has changed in the course of the iteration.With the help of status information (which information within the CIM file has changed) and filter options, this flow of data can be better made available for control room extensions.This also became clear in the evaluation: using this method, the CIM files provided by the control room software of a distribution grid operator could be processed much more efficiently by the extensions.The second interface, TASE.2 (Telecontrol Application Service Element 2), enables fast transmission of data sets such as measured values.However, the data model of TASE.2 is strongly limited to the description of the data points.By converting to CIM, a better interpretability can be made possible.The aim is to maintain the speed of the interface.This was made possible by distributed processing, which was also shown by the evaluation.The data was better interpretable through CIM and the loss of performance was low.There are many other data sources that can be relevant for an extension.Data integration tools can be helpful in opening up these data sources.These offer adapters for different data sources that can be configured via a graphical interface.New adapters have been added to the data integration tools.These allow CIM data sets to be generated from any source and its data.The evaluation showed that data sets could be made available performantly with the help of the data integration tools, but the handling of the data integration tools requires experience.The platform and its methods have already been used in several projects and installed at grid operators.This increases the quality and practicality of the technology. Abbildungsverzeichnis