Development and psychometric validation of an instrument for online instructional effectiveness

This study developed and validated the Student Rating of Online Teaching Effectiveness (STRAT OF OTE), a psychometric instrument designed to evaluate online teaching performance in nursing education in the Philippines. A methodological research design was used, involving 2,096 nursing students from Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The instrument development process included item generation, expert validation using a modified Delphi technique, pilot testing, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and psychometric evaluation. The findings resulted in a final 28-item scale with three factors: Active Learning, Instructor–Learner Connection, and Modern Teaching. The model fit indices demonstrated strong structural validity, while Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability values showed high internal consistency. Convergent and discriminant validity were also confirmed, indicating the reliability and validity of the instrument. The STRAT OF OTE offers higher education institutions a reliable framework for assessing online teaching effectiveness and supports quality assurance, faculty development, and accreditation activities.