Balancing Freedom and Guidance: Kindergarten Teachers' Strategies for Outdoor Play (in the Post-COVID Era)

This study investigates the balance between autonomy and teacher guidance in children's outdoor play post-COVID-19.Conducted at an early childhood research center in the Northeastern United States, it employs scaffolding strategies within the Zone of Proximal Development, utilizing observations and interviews for data collection.The qualitative analysis reveals seven key strategies for enhancing outdoor play in line with children's developmental stages: observation, reflection, withdrawal, supplying materials, safety and social support, involvement, and management.The study aims to refine outdoor play experiences for young learners by balancing safety, learning opportunities, and the advantages of free play with structured guidance.It offers insights into supporting children's comprehensive development in outdoor environments, enriching the dialogue on outdoor play strategies with a Vygotskyinspired framework and underscoring the importance of withdrawal and social support in the post-COVID era.