Polyphenol functional self-assembled drug delivery systems: Mechanism, application, and future intelligent precision assembly mode

With the continuous development of drug delivery technology, natural polyphenol self-assembled drug delivery systems (DDS) have become a research focus due to their unique advantages. Polyphenols can not only serve as drugs themselves but also as components of self-assembled drug delivery systems, broadening their application in the field of drug delivery. This article reviews the mechanisms of interactions between polyphenols and between polyphenols and other molecules, and analyzes the process of constructing drug delivery systems with polyphenols. At the same time, it deeply explores the multiple functions of polyphenol self-assembled complexes in drug delivery, such as enhancing drug efficacy, achieving precise targeted delivery, and overcoming biological barriers, highlighting their great potential in enhancing drug efficacy and reducing side effects. In addition, several advanced characterization and preparation techniques are introduced and discussed, which will help to deeply understand and evaluate the structure and performance of polyphenol self-assembled delivery systems, promoting their further development. Finally, the challenges and future intelligent manufacturing strategies of polyphenol self-assembled complexes are summarized.