Актуальні проблеми підготовки дітей старшого дошкільного віку до навчання в школі та шляхи їх вирішення

The article examines current issues in preparing senior preschool children for schooling within the context of contemporary educational transformations, through the lens of primary school teachers' professional perspectives. It substantiates that school readiness is an integral construct encompassing intellectual, emotional-volitional, social, and physiological components. The need for a comprehensive approach to the formation of a child's school maturity, taking into account modern educational environment requirements, is emphasized. The results of a survey of primary school teachers are presented, aimed at identifying typical difficulties in first graders' adaptation to school and determining key aspects of school readiness based on teachers' responses. It was found that the most common problems include insufficient development of fine motor and graphomotor skills, attention instability, low learning motivation, emotional instability, and underdeveloped communication skills. It was established that psychophysiological and personal difficulties prevail over purely academic ones. Particular attention is paid to preparing the child's hand for writing, developing fine motor skills, and fostering positive learning motivation. The views of teachers regarding ways to optimize children's preparation for school are analyzed. The priority of developing motivational sphere, speech, sensorimotor skills, and social competence is determined. The effectiveness of using play-based, neuropsychological, and sensory methods is highlighted, including neuro-exercises, finger gymnastics, and construction activities. Emphasis is placed on the importance of partnership interaction between educational institutions and families. It is concluded that improving the quality of children's preparation for school is possible under the condition of ensuring continuity between preschool and primary education, focusing on the holistic development of the child's personality, and implementing modern pedagogical technologies.