Agile digital transformation in SMEs: a hybrid prioritization approach

Introduction Agile Digital Transformation (ADT) represents a new generation of digital transformation that enables small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt iterative and data-driven strategies, enhancing their flexibility, competitiveness, and sustainability. Despite extensive research on digital transformation (DT), few studies have explored the specific enablers of ADT tailored to SMEs. Methods This study employed a rigorous three-phase methodology, combining a systematic literature review, a hybrid Delphi method involving academic and industry experts, and the Best-Worst Method (BWM) for prioritization. Results The study identified nine key enablers of ADT, organized under four overarching themes: Strategic Capabilities, Human Capabilities, Organizational Capabilities, and Technological Capabilities. The most significant enablers include transformational leadership, agile organizational strategy, and dynamic resource management. Discussion These findings provide theory-informed and practical guidance for SME managers to navigate digital transformation under resource constraints. The framework aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 8 and SDG 9) by promoting economic resilience and innovation-led industrial growth.