Numerical Study of a Novel Kagome-Inspired Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Detection of Blood Components and Analytical Targets

This numerical study introduces a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor utilizing a kagome lattice-inspired hollow core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for the highly sensitive detection of various blood biomarkers and analytical components. The sensor is designed to detect key blood biomarkers such as water, glucose, plasma, and hemoglobin (Hb), as well as analytical targets including krypton, sylgard, ethanol, polyacrylamide (PA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA), by monitoring shifts in the resonance wavelength (RW). A dual-polarization approach is employed by analyzing both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes. The proposed sensor demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving maximum wavelength sensitivities (Sw) of 18,900 nm RIU−1 for TM pol. and 16,800 nm RIU−1 for TE pol. Corresponding peak amplitude sensitivities (SA) of 71,224 RIU−1 for TM pol. and 58,112 RIU−1 for TE pol. were also observed. The peak sensor resolution (SR) for both modes is on the order of 10−6 RIU, underscoring its high precision. Owing to its enhanced sensitivity, compact design, and robust dual-polarization capability, the proposed biosensor holds strong promise for point-of-care diagnostics and real-time blood component analysis.