Next-Generation Visual Experience: Polarization Volume Gratings in Holographic Waveguides for AR/VR

Polarization volume gratings (PVGs) have been recognized as a groundbreaking technology with the potential to revolutionize holographic waveguides and facilitate immersive experiences in augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) applications. This study investigated the design, fabrication, and utilization of PVGs within the framework of holographic waveguides for immersive encounters. The essay begins by presenting a comprehensive overview of waveguide technologies. The display devices and optical combiners combine the actual and virtual worlds that the naked eye can see. This review categorizes current visual solutions for micro-optical combiners in augmented reality head-mounted displays (AR-HMDs). Subsequently, an investigation was carried out into the manufacturing process, physical principles, optical structures, performance characteristics, and other aspects. Furthermore, a review and assessment of their merits and drawbacks were conducted.