Introduction

This chapter explores the impact of the AI-cyber nexus on deterrence and stability, drawing insights from the ongoing Russia-Ukraine War as a compelling case study. It scrutinises the pivotal role played by cyber warfare and autonomous systems in shaping modern conflicts. The analysis underscores the dual-use nature of AI, exploring its civilian origins and military implications. Furthermore, it evaluates the feasibility and repercussions of integrating AI into weapon systems, unravelling the potential complexities and vulnerabilities this convergence introduces, which has the potential to disrupt global stability. Amid the Ukraine-Russia conflict, a wide spectrum of AI-enabled weaponry has emerged, serving diverse functions from evacuation to targeting. While currently deployed in supporting roles, these military AI systems foreshadow the future of AI-enabled weapons, with each iteration promising enhanced operational effectiveness. This chapter highlights the growing significance of these systems in modern warfare and underscores how the AI-cyber combination further compounds the challenges to global stability.