Management of human talent in job competencies within public organizations: a systematic review

The management of human talent has become a strategic pillar for public organizations, which face increasing demands for efficiency and service quality. This study aims to systematically review recent research on human talent management and its impact on job competencies in the public sector. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method, analyzing articles from Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest, published between 2020 and 2024. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 relevant studies were selected. Results: The findings reveal that strategies such as coaching, mentoring, continuous training, and competency-based feedback have a significant impact on improving employee performance and organizational efficiency. Methodologies used to evaluate impact include mixed approaches, such as surveys, 360° evaluations, and interviews. Conclusions: The results highlight the crucial role of talent management in fostering job competencies, although challenges such as bureaucratic rigidity, resource constraints, and misalignment between training and organizational objectives persist. The study highlights the importance of innovative strategies and active leadership in overcoming barriers and enhancing talent development in public organizations.