Transtheoretical Model-Based Nursing Interventions for Smoking Cessation in COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transtheoretical model-based nursing interventions on smoking cessation in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Material and Methods: An experimental design was employed in the study. The study involved 33 COPD patients in the experimental group and 35 COPD patients in the control group. Data were collected between January 2016 and November 2017. The data collection instruments included the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test, and the Transtheoretical Model scales for Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, Stages of Change, and Processes of Change. Both parametric and nonparametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: The subscale scores for Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, and Processes of Change showed significant differences in the experimental group following home nursing interventions. While there was significant improvement in the Stages of Change, 9 patients in the experimental group and 2 patients in the control group successfully quit smoking, and the difference between the groups was found to be significant. Conclusion: The results suggest that home care interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model are effective in supporting smoking cessation in COPD patients. It is recommended that nursing practices incorporate the Transtheoretical Model for smoking cessation interventions, utilizing a smoking cessation guide to enhance the effectiveness of these interventions.