Effects of Biofertilizers on Soil Biological Activity in Vegetable Production Systems

As a green agricultural input, biofertilizer plays a pivotal role in fostering soil health and promoting sustainable vegetable production. This paper systematically reviews the various types of biofertilizers and their underlying mechanisms of action, with a particular focus on their impact on soil biological activity within vegetable production systems. Investigations into key indicators-such as soil microbial community structure, enzyme activity, and soil respiration-reveal that biofertilizers can significantly enhance soil microbial diversity, boost the activity of critical enzymes, and facilitate nutrient cycling and transformation, thereby improving the soil ecological environment. Furthermore, by optimizing the rhizosphere micro-environment, biofertilizers indirectly contribute to improvements in both vegetable yield and quality. Through the analysis of representative case studies, the practical efficacy and potential of biofertilizers in actual production settings are further validated. Finally, this paper identifies current research gaps and outlines future directions for development, providing a theoretical foundation for the broader adoption and application of biofertilizers in vegetable production.