How to Achieve Next-Generation High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

Due to severe environmental issues, rapidly increasing attention has been paid to electric vehicles (EV) in the past decades. However, in the choice of batteries for EVs, nearly all car makers select lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to power their vehicles for their great properties. LIB generally consists of cathode, anode, and electrolyte; these components greatly determine the performance of LIBs together. Therefore, analyzing the property of electrodes and electrolytes is extremely critical to achieving next-generation high-performance LIBs. Based on this, this review first summarizes several popular cathode materials, with their remaining challenges, such as degradation issues and provides some viable improvement strategies. Then, two categories of typical anode materials are discussed in detail, including their bottleneck issues and some protective method such as surface modification. In the end, this paper compares the merits and drawbacks of liquid and solid-state electrolytes and offers some possible solutions, respectively. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive reference to LIBs and direct further development for next-generation LIBs.