Peking Opera: The Evolution Process of Media Iteration and International Dissemination

Peking Opera, as the culmination of Chinese opera art and a world-class intangible cultural heritage, carries the thousand-year-old cultural heritage and national spirit of China. Over the course of more than two hundred years, the evolution of media technology has formed a deep interrelationship with the inheritance, innovation and international dissemination of Peking Opera: the change of media forms has reshaped the artistic presentation paradigm and dissemination logic of Peking Opera, while Peking Opera has also adhered to its cultural core and completed its form evolution in the process of adapting to the media environment. This paper, taking technological evolution as a clue, divides the history of Peking Opera dissemination into four stages: traditional theater, mechanical replication, radio and television, and digital and intelligent new media. It systematically analyzes the differences in the artistic characteristics, dissemination mechanisms and audience structures of Peking Opera under each media form, dialectically explains the opportunities and practical predicaments brought about by media transformation, and distinguishes the acceptance characteristics of overseas Chinese audiences and foreign audiences. Based on the theory of cross-cultural communication and digitalization of intangible cultural heritage, this study examines the inheritance path and aesthetic evolution of Peking Opera culture driven by media, objectively points out the limitations of this study, and proposes development strategies from the three dimensions of civilizational mutual learning, technological empowerment, and value dissemination, providing theoretical references and practical paradigms for the tradition-preserving innovation and global digital dissemination of traditional Chinese opera.