Research on the governance dilemma and sustainable mechanism innovation of urban household waste classification

With the rapid advancement of urbanization in China, the amount of urban household waste generated continues to increase, and the phenomenon of "garbage encirclement" is becoming increasingly serious.This article systematically explores the main challenges faced by current garbage classification work in government management, market operation, and social participation through field research and case analysis.Research has found that there are problems at the government level such as movement style governance and poor departmental coordination;At the market level, there are challenges such as an imperfect recycling system and a broken industrial chain;On the social level, it manifests as difficulties such as low resident participation and weak classification awareness.In response to these issues, this article will propose a series of innovative paths, including improving the legal and regulatory system, promoting intelligent classification equipment, and building a diversified governance pattern, aiming to provide theoretical references and practical guidance for promoting the transformation of China's urban garbage classification work from short-term governance to long-term governance.