Privacidad y manejo de datos gubernamentales: Análisis de marcos jurídicos en derecho administrativo y constitucional

This article presents a review of the literature on privacy and government data management within the framework of administrative and constitutional law, focusing on studies published between 2020 and 2025. The increasing digitalization of public services and the massive collection of data by state entities have generated new challenges in the protection of personal information. The regulatory frameworks that govern data management in different jurisdictions are analyzed, with special attention to fundamental principles such as legality, purpose, freedom, transparency, restricted access, security and confidentiality. Likewise, the main challenges in the implementation of data protection policies are addressed, such as the lack of adequate technological infrastructures, the need for training in public entities and the constant evolution of threats to privacy. Through case studies and case law analysis, the responses of constitutional courts to violations of the right to privacy are examined, highlighting the importance of judicial control to guarantee fundamental rights. The results of this review suggest that, while the legal framework has made progress in protecting government data, significant challenges remain that require legislative updates, institutional strengthening, and the promotion of a culture of privacy in public administration. Finally, strategies are proposed to improve the management of state data, ensuring a balance between government efficiency and respect for citizens' rights.