A Review on Diabetes Mellitus: Type1 & Type2

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease. which identified hyperglycemia caused by insulin and action and secretion.the two general categories into which fall are type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) T1DM is an autoimmune disease that usually first appears in childhood or adolescence and causes the death of pancreatic β-cells and consequent insulin deficiency. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes, which is more common, is primarily associated with insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, often associated with genetic, environmental and lifestyle influences. This article compares the origins, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic standards and therapeutic approaches of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It also looks at new developments in treatment and emphasises how important lifestyle changes, early identification and patient education are to manage the disease course and prevent complications. Effective diagnosis, treatment, and investigation of a possible cure depend on understanding the differences and overlap between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.